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VetVine Client Care
Performing Tooth Extractions - Luxators Vs. Elevators
Dentistry
Luxators and elevators are essential tools in veterinary dentistry and having both in your armamentarium is necessary. Understanding their differences and how to use them properly will help prevent injuries and improve surgical outcomes.
A luxator is a very sharp instrument with a thin, delicate design, much like a periotome. Its purpose is to sever the periodontal ligament rather than stretch it. Think of it as a knife: you drive it into the space between the tooth and bone, cutting the ligament fibers to create room for other instruments.
In contrast, a winged elevator has a much more robust structure. Instead of cutting, it works by stretching and fatiguing the periodontal ligament. This allows the ligament to hemorrhage internally, weakening its grip on the tooth. An elevator helps overcome ligament forces so the tooth can be safely lifted.
The ideal technique often involves using a luxator first to create space, followed by a winged elevator to loosen and elevate the tooth. These tools, used in combination, allow for efficient and atraumatic extractions.
Both instruments must be handled carefully. Luxators have sharp, fine tips, and elevators - if not handled properly - can lead to tissue tears or self-injury. Proper handling of a winged elevator includes placing your index finger close to the tip for control - so that your finger serves as a "stop."
If the instrument were to slip, it might otherwise injure vital structures including the nasal passages, orbit, or even the brain. When using the winged elevator you want to grasp the instrument in this fashion and brace your hand against the mandible or maxilla.
The idea is to keep everything as a single, stable unit - hold the patient's jaw securely with one hand while operating with the other. Proper hand positioning and bracing are key to maintaining safety and control.
Learn more in Dental Instrumentology 101 ... Burs, Luxators, Elevators, Handpieces and Your Body!