Terminology Specific to Acupuncture
Review of Literature in Humans
Review of Literature in Dogs
Conditions Treated With Acupuncture
Technique, Equipment, and Instrumentation
Clinical Applications
Acupuncture Point Selection
Treating Arthritis
Treating by Joint
Treating Neurologic and Vertebral Diseases
Treating Peripheral Neuropathy
Point Information
Summary
References

Biologic Basis
- Biomechanics of Connective Tissue
- Lymphatics
- Circulatory Effects
- Tissue Movement
- Therapeutic Effects
- Effects on Muscle
- Effects on Pain and Sensation
- Effects of Massage on Connective Tissue

How Massage Works

Indications for Massage
- Mechanical
- Surgical
- Disease
- Massage for the Competitive Dog
- Massage for Performance
- Fatigue
- Muscle Soreness

Planning a Massage
Patient Evaluation
Gait Assessment
Turning Short
Palpation

Passive Movements of the Cervical Spine
Forelimb
Hindlimb
Tail

Practical Application of Massage
Massage Techniques
Alternative Methods

References

Regular dog walking is likely a symbiotic relationship between the needs of the dog and its owner. This relationship has seen limited attention. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between dog characteristics, dog owners' perceptions of responsibility and attachment to their dogs, and the qualities of dog owner exercise motivations (self-determined regulations) with dog walking behavior.

Acupuncture

Herbs

Regulations
Active Herbal Constituents

- 5-Hydroxytryptophan
- Absinthe (Wormwood)
- Aconite
- Aloe
- Aristolochia
- Blue-Green Algae
- Chaparral
- Comfrey
- Digitalis
- Ephedra
- Garlic
- Germander
- Guarana
- Kava Kava
- Khat
- Kratom
- Lobelia
- Mistletoe
- Noni Juice
- Nutmeg and Mace
- Oleander
- Pleurisy Root
- Pokeweed
- Senna
- St. John's wort
- White Willow
- Yohimbine

ESSENTIAL OILS
- Camphor
- Toxic Essential Oils
- Citrus Oil
- Potentially Toxic Essential Oils

Melaleuca Oil

Sassafras Oil

Diagnosis of Intoxication

Treatment of Intoxication

Sources of Information

References

An Historical Overview
Concept and Definition
Variability of Essential Oils
Presence and Functions in the Vegetable Kingdom
Obtaining Essential Oils
Control and Analyses
Chemical Composition
Use of Essential Oils
Cosmetics
Medicine and Pharmaceutics
Food

Sources and Production
Patterns of Consumption
Availability, Absorption, and Metabolism
Health Effects
Antioxidative Properties
Inhibition of Food Borne Pathogens
Spasmolytic activities
Anticancer activities
Diabetes
Mood Disorders
Osteoporosis
Alzheimer's Disease
Atherosclerosis

Isolation of Essential Oils
Production
Uses - Pharmaceutical, Animal Feed Supplements, Animal Health

References

 

 

The shoulder joint is the most mobile of all main limb joints. While its primary motion is in a sagittal plane, the shoulder has a significant amount of abduction and adduction, and internal and external rotation. Its stability is ensured by the joint capsule, by its specialized bands (medial and lateral glenohumeral ligaments), and by large tendons located inside (eg, tendon of origin of the biceps brachii muscle) or immediately outside the joint (eg, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, and subscapularis). Sprains or strains of all supporting structures of the canine shoulder have now been reported and the shoulder pathology resembles the pathology of the human shoulder that includes strains and tears of the rotator cuff muscles, adhesive capsulitis, and calcific tendonitis.

- Functional Anatomy
- Developmental Shoulder Problems
- Repetitive Microtrauma
- Traumatic Injuries
- Osteoarthritis
- Rehabilitation Strategies and Goals
- Physical Rehabilitation of Specific Shoulder Joint Problems
- Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Humeral Head
- Bicipital Tenosynovitis
- Supraspinatus Tendon Insertionopathy
- Fibrotic Contracture of the Infraspinatus Muscle
- Medial Shoulder Instability
- Articular Fractures
- Scapular Fractures
References

Many problems in the hip area show movement dysfunctions of the hip joint in combination with the lumbar spine, sacroiliac joint, neurodynamic structures, and the muscular systems. Muscle strain injuries pertinent to the canine hip have been reported in the iliopsoas, pectineus, gracilis, sartorius, tensor fasciae latae, rectus femoris, and semitendinosus muscles. Physical diagnoses of this type of injury require palpation skills and the ability to specifically stretch the suspected musculotendinous tissue. Treatments shall incorporate modalities, stretches, specific exercises, and advisement on return to normal activity. Canine hip dysplasia (CHD) is a common finding in many large breed dogs. Physical treatments, preventative therapies, and rehabilitation could have a large role to play in the management of nonsurgical CHD patients with the goal to create the best possible musculoskeletal environment for pain-free hip function and to delay or prevent the onset of degenerative joint disease. Osteoarthritic hip joints can benefit from early detection and subsequent treatment. Physical therapists have long utilized manual testing techniques and clinical reasoning to diagnose early-onset joint osteoarthritis and therapeutic treatments consisting of correcting muscle dysfunctions, relieving pain, joint mobilizations, and advisement on lifestyle modifications could be equally beneficial to the canine patient. As well, sacroiliac joint dysfunctions may also afflict the dog. An understanding of the anatomy and biomechanics of the canine sacroiliac joint and application of clinical assessment and treatment techniques from the human field may be substantially beneficial for dogs suffering from lumbopelvic or hindlimb issues.

Pathologies of the Hip

- Muscle Strains
- Description of Stretches Designed to Target Specific Muscles

- Canine Hip Dysplasia

- Osteoarthritis
- The Sacroiliac Joint
- Anatomy and Biomechanics of the Canine Sacroiliac Joint
- Clinical Diagnostic Tests for the Sacroiliac Joint
- Treatment of the Sacroiliac Joint
- Additional Therapeutics
References

 

 

 

KEY POINTS

There is a growing demand for the use of integrative medicine in veterinary medicine.

Evidence-based research using integrative medicine in veterinary patients with lower urinary tract diseases is scarce.

Translational research with animal models of human lower urinary tract disease (LUTD) is an opportunity to expand our knowledge of etiopathogenesis and identifying complementary treatments.

Translational evidence-based research is needed to accelerate the use of integrative health care in both human and veterinary medicine where there is a concern for antimicrobial resistance.


Urinary Tract Infections

- Cranberry (Vaccinium Macrocarpon)

- Mannose

- Probiotics

- Acupuncture



Urolithiasis

- D,L-Methionine

- Probiotics

- N-3 Fatty Acids in Urolithiasis and Urinary Tract Tumors


HERBS AND LOWER URINARY TRACT DISEASES

- Herbs and Urolithiasis

References